Uterine cervical diseases

Types of uterine cervical diseases

Uterine cervical diseases are usually divided into three types — background, precancerous diseases, and cervical cancer. Background processes include pseudo-erosion, erosion, leukoplakia without atypia, polyps, cervical condylomas.  Precancerous cervical diseases also have the name — dysplasia, expressed in mild, moderate or severe form.

Cervical erosion

Cervical erosion is a condition in which cells «from inside» the cervical canal, known as glandular cells (or columnar epithelium), are present on the «outer» vaginal part of the cervix. Cells «outside» the cervix, as a rule, are squamous epithelial cells. The place where the two cells meet is called the transformation zone, also known as the multilayered squamous epithelium. The area may look red because the glandular cells are red. Although many women are born with cervical erosion, it can be caused by a number of reasons, such as:

• Hormonal changes that are common in young women;
• Use of oral contraceptives;
• Pregnancy;

Pseudo-erosion of the cervix — causes of occurrence

• Sexual infections, vaginal dysbiosis, and inflammatory diseases of the female genitals. Chlamydia, mycoureaplasma, E. coli, staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, and other microorganisms constantly «terrorize» the mucous membrane, as a result of which it begins to react by increasing its activity.
• Early onset of sexual activity. The mucous membrane of the female genitals finally matures by the age of 20-23. If an infection interferes with this delicate process, pseudo-erosion is practically inevitable.
• Cervical injuries. The main cause of such injuries are childbirth and surgery.
• Menstrual cycle disorders due to hormonal disorders.

Uterine cervical dysplasia

Cervical dysplasia is a condition in which healthy cells of the cervix undergo some abnormal changes. In cervical dysplasia, abnormal cells are not malignant, but can develop into cancer if not detected early and treated.

What causes cervical dysplasia?

A common virus called human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical dysplasia. HPV is a sexually transmitted virus, and it has hundreds of strains. Some are low-risk and cause genital warts. Others with high risk cause cellular changes that can turn into cervical dysplasia and cancer.

Are there any risk factors for cervical dysplasia?

There are several risk factors for cervical dysplasia, some of which are directly related to the risk of HPV:

• diseases that suppress the immune system
• being on immunosuppressant drugs
• having multiple sexual partners
• giving birth before the age of 16
• having sex before the age of 18
• smoking cigarettes

If you’re sexually active, a condom might reduce your risk of getting HPV.

Diagnosis and treatment of cervical diseases in the EverEsthetic Clinic

The knowledge, experience and professionalism of the doctor are the basis of competent and timely medical care. No less important is the technical equipment of the clinic. After all, modern equipment helps to identify pathology at the earliest stages of its development, which is very important in gynecology. In the gynecology department of EverEsthetic Clinic women have the opportunity to get a consultation with the leading experts in the country.